## Sample size. n = 20 ## Storage for null p-values. Q = array(0, 1e4) ## Simulation loop. for (r in 1:1e4) { ## Generate a null data set. X = rnorm(n) ## Get the p-value, assuming that the variance is known to be 1. M1 = mean(X) Q[r] = 1-pnorm(sqrt(n)*M1) }